Apache Interview Answers

1. On a fresh install, why does Apache have three config files - srm.conf, access.conf and httpd.conf?

   The first two are remnants from the NCSA times, and generally you should be ok if you delete the first two, and stick with httpd.conf.

2. What does apachectl graceful do?

   It sends a SIGUSR1 for a restart, and starts the apache server if it’s not running.

3. When I do ps -aux, why do I have one copy of httpd running as root and the rest as nouser?

   You need to be a root to attach yourself to any Unix port below 1024, and we need 80.

4. Why do I get the message "… no listening sockets available, shutting down"?

   In Apache 2 you need to have a listen directive. Just put Listen 80 in httpd.conf.

5. What is ServerType directive?

   It defines whether Apache should spawn itself as a child process (standalone) or keep everything in a single process (inetd). Keeping it inetd conserves resources. This is deprecated, however.

6. What does htpasswd do?

   It creates a new user in a specified group, and asks to specify a password for that user.

7. What’s the command to stop Apache?

   kill the specific process that httpd is running under, or killall httpd. If you have apachectl installed, use apachectl stop.

8. How do you check for the httpd.conf consistency and any errors in it?

   apachectl configtest

9. If you specify both deny from all and allow from all, what will be the default action of Apache?

   In case of ambiguity deny always takes precedence over allow.

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